The illusion of control
Why people believe they have more influence over outcomes than they actually do and how to use the illusion of control in marketing.
In this issue
Hey 👋 The Crew here.
Of all the things to happen, the Dallas Mavericks social media team probably didn’t expect to wake up to nearly 1M fewer Instagram followers two days ago.
The reason? The NBA team traded Luka Doncic—one of the most popular NBA players today—to the Los Angeles Lakers. And some followers were only there for Luka, apparently.
Shows that even if you’re doing great work and feel like you’re in control… you aren’t, really.
Funny enough, that’s the topic of today’s newsletter.
Reading time: 4 minutes, 43 seconds
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Ding.
The elevator door opens. You step in and turn your back to the wall. After a couple of seconds of waiting for the door to shut automatically, you decide to “speed things up.”
You press the “close doors” button and a moment later—they shut. You smile. You’re in control.
But are you? Turns out, most of these buttons are actually “placebos.” They don’t work. Or at least not the way you think they work. Still, they make you feel like you’re holding the cards.
This is the illusion of control at work, the bias where we think we have more control over situations than we actually do.
This bias can help you feel confident and calm, but it can also trick you into making bad decisions.
A famous 1971 research by David Glass demonstrates this.
Two groups of participants were tasked with proofreading passages of text while an annoying buzzer sounded at random times.
One group had a button to stop the buzzer, although they were advised against it. The other didn’t.
And though the first group didn’t press the button, the fact they could press it made them less stressed and more focused on finishing their task.
Control bias is also why craps players who need a high number throw dice heavier. It’s proven!
Of course, you can also leverage the illusion of control to sell more stuff.
Let’s check out some examples…
Three ways to leverage the illusion of control
Hand the reins to your customers
Customization, personalization, build-your-own bundles…
The more custom options you offer to your customers, the greater they feel a sense of control.
Even small choices reinforce this sense of autonomy. For example, selecting a delivery date or personalizing a product with a name or color.
Warby Parker goes a step further, offering a home try-on program for glasses where customers can select up to five pairs and try them at home. For free.

This “controlled choice environment” helps empower customers and improve their decision-making. And the brand reinforces this with specific customization options like different lens colors and coatings.
But be wary. Too many choices can lead to another cognitive bias—The Paradox of Choice.
Even Warby Parker provides a limited number of options not to overwhelm you.
This isn’t limited to the number of products, either. Intuitive navigation can help your shopper feel in charge—and not like a character from the TV show “Lost.”
Use verbal cues to “hand over control”
The way you frame a question for your customers can make them feel empowered, even when they’re making an inevitable decision.
It’s the very essence of the illusion of control—you’re giving people a sense of agency, even when the outcome remains the same.
See how Disney store subtly words it with their question?

They want you to pay. But at the same time, they are handing over the control of “payment” to you by asking how you would like to pay. You’re in charge of the transaction.
The bottom line: Framing your wording like this reduces resistance and eases the decision. And here are some examples of how to apply it elsewhere:
- Subscription Signups. Instead of “Subscribe now,” say “Choose your ideal plan.”
- Product Bundles. Instead of a fixed bundle, offer “Pick the features that suit you.”
See the difference?
Approach with guided questions
What we don’t like: Salesy or pushy copy.
What we do like: Questions that put your needs and wants in the first place.
Logically, using strategic questions that guide conversation often work better than just directly selling to customers.
For instance, rather than listing all your products and features, offer a questionnaire where you ask customers about their preferences—allowing them to arrive at their own conclusions.
One good example is Helix Mattress, which uses a quiz to match you with a perfect mattress:

The only thing is, Helix doesn’t have an infinite number of mattress variations. You’ll eventually choose one of the few from their list.
But this creates the illusion that you’re making the decision independently, while the questionnaire is subtly guiding you towards it.
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MARKETING: Remove ads from your favorite platforms or sort out the lack of security online? If you ask most internet users, they’d rather remove ads, according to reports. And this is just one of the things to keep in mind when advertising this year. Read this report to learn a few more.
AI MARKETING: Okay robot, it’s time to stop and think. OpenAI’s o3-mini’s high-performance reasoning model just became free—and it excels at science, math, and coding queries. So it’s probably worth using for web updates, reports, predictions, and more. Among other things…
META: …is getting stricter on AI-generated transparency. The platform will now show a label indicating when an ad has been made with its generative AI tools. However, this won’t appear if there are only minor adjustments. So sticking to small AI tweaks equals no label. Good to know.
BUY NOW, PAY LATER: Turns out, split payments actually increase customer spending. Big companies like Walmart are working closely with BNPL providers, and the amount of cash customers are handing over is likely to increase. Good time to include this option, seems like.
E-COMMERCE: Browsing Google for shopping? That’s so last year. Turns out, Zoomers prefer Instagram and TikTok to discover products, according to a recent survey. So if you want to sell to a younger audience, you know where to be.
ICYMI, last time we looked at the Left-Digit Effect.
The “Total control” Crew
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