PSYCHOLOGY OF MARKETING  /  Psychological effects

Moral Luck

How outcomes beyond someone's control affect moral judgments and how brands can use this psychological bias in marketing campaigns.

September 26, 2024 5 min read
Presented by Ignite Digital
Moral Luck
FROM THE CREW

Hey 👋 The Crew here.

Today’s topic is about luck… kind of.

So it might be a good time to ask—how much of your day-to-day outcomes do you attribute to luck? Even better, do you keep a lucky charm somewhere near?

Does it help?

Reading time: 4 minutes, 57 seconds

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A boy and a girl—let’s call them Alex and Anna—are playing with a ball in their home.

But they’re not supposed to.

There’s a lot of fragile stuff around.

And despite all the warnings from their parents, Alex kicks the ball really hard.

Crash. Mom’s favorite vase gets shattered into pieces.

There’s a good chance Alex will get punishedmore severely than Anna. But why?

Philosophers and psychologists call this Moral Luck. It’s the ancient idea that luck affects how others will judge someone’s actions.

And it goes from minor outcomes to dangerous or life threatening situations—for example, how a person driving under the influence is judged more harshly if they cause an accident.

Markus Kneer and Edouard Machery conducted a series of studies to see if moral luck is as impactful.

The result: They found that when people couldn’t compare two subjects directly—i.e., Alex and Anna, in this case—they thought that Alex was less careful. Which isn’t true.

When they had the full context, they thought the blame fell equally… but they still thought Alex should have been punished more than Anna. Interesting.

What does this tell us? You’ll often be judged by things you can’t control.

But in marketing, you can do an “Uno reverse” and use these uncontrollable, external factors in both positive and negative context to make your brand stand out.

Let’s see how.

Three ways you can leverage moral luck

01

Share positive results, even when not in your control

Let’s start with a straightforward tip.

This one is closely related to the Outcome Bias, which we covered a few months ago. And it says that you will always be judged based by the outcome.

That’s textbook moral luck.

The point here is that you shouldn’t be too selective about sharing great results from your product or service.

Let’s say you’re selling fitness apparel and someone wins a local marathon wearing your gear.

You’ll share their feat, probably as user-generated-content. Even though it was the person’s prep and dedication who brought results, and not your brand.

GoPro built an entire awards system on this. Users would send videos of their interesting, often lucky encounters while using their camera.

And yet, they used the footage taken by someone else with their camera as promotional content.

Be careful, though. Moral luck can mislead consumers about typical outcomes or downplay factors within their control.

Be cautious to not make false or misleading claims. Nobody wants that.

02

Empathize with your customers’ struggles due to uncontrollable factors

There’s a good chance people in your audience feel immense frustration over things that are completely out of their hands.

They might even feel a “lack of moral luck.”

Instead of providing solutions at all costs, you can acknowledge that these factors exist—and position your brand as a reminder that the struggle won’t be forever.

Coca Cola did this during the Covid pandemic with its “Open Like Never Before” campaign.

The brand acknowledged the challenges of isolation and uncertainty, but also provided a supportive and optimistic outlook. Check it out, if you haven’t before.

Ads where you point out the good in bad circumstances can help get that lucky feeling tingling.

03

… But remind your audience that sometimes it’s not only about luck

In their research, Kneer and Machery found that we humans are less inclined to let moral luck influence our judgment if we’re provided with the full context.

In other words, if we can think things through, we’re more likely to take responsibility for our actions.

This is interesting because it throws moral luck out of the window,and might even bring a cathartic effect to the person looking at it.

Nike has mastered this type of advertising:

You could say their entire strategy is based on dismissing external factors and “just doing it.”

But other brands aren’t shy to do this as well.

Specsavers, an optical brand specializing in eye testing, glasses, and lenses, has the famous line “Should’ve gone to Specsavers.”

The brand uses humor to highlight unfortunate situations that could have been avoided with better eyesight. And it’s going strong for 20 years. We wonder why…

CLICKWORTHY

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ICYMI, last time we looked at the Authority Bias.

The “Lucky” Crew

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